Sheep Transport References

(Updated November 2013)


  1. Buchenauer D. (1996) Proceedings of an International Conference, Considering the Welfare of Sheep During Transport, St. Catherine's College, Cambridge, UK.

  2. Broom, D.M., Goode, J.A., Hall S.J.L., Lloyd, D.M., and Parrott, P.P. (1996) Hormonal and Physiological effects of a 15 hour road journey in sheep: Comparison with the responses to loading, handling and penning in the absence of transport. British Veterinary Journal, 152: 593-604.

  3. Cockram, M.S., Baxter, E.M., et al. 2004. Effect of behavior during events and road type on the stability and resting behavior of sheep in transit. Animal Science. 79:165-176.

  4. Cockram, M.S., Kent, J.E., Goddard, P.J., Waren N.K., McGile, I.M., Jackson, R.E., Muwanga, G.M., and Pytherch, S. (1996) Animal Science 62:46.

  5. Fisher, A.D., Niemeyer, D.O., Lea, J.M., Lee, C., et al. 2010. The effects of 12, 30, 40 hours of road transport on the physiological and behavior responses of sheep. Journal of Animal Science. 88:2144-2152.

  6. Fisher, A.D., Stewart, M., Duganzich, D.M., Tacon, J., and Matthews, L.R. 2005. The effects of stationary periods and external temperature and humidity on thermal stress conditions within sheep transport vehicles. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 53:6-9.

  7. Grandin, T. (1981) Livestock Trucking Guide. Livestock Conservation Institute, Bowling Green, Kentucky.

  8. Grandin T. (1997) The assessment of stress during handling and transport. Journal of Animal Science, 75:249-257.

  9. Jones, T.A., Waitt, C., Dawkings, M.S. 2010. Sheep lose balance, slip, and fall less when loosely packed in transit where they stand close to but not touching their neighbors. Applied Animal Behavior Science. 123:16-23.

  10. Knowles, T.G. (1998) A review of road transport of slaughter sheep. Veterinary Record, 143:212-219.

  11. Knowles, T.G., Warriss, P.D., Brown, S.N., and Edwards, J.E. (1998). Effects of stocking density on lambs being transported by road. 142:503-509.

  12. Phillips, C.J.E and Santurtun, E. 2013. The welfare of livestock transported by ship. The Veterinary Journal. 196:309-314.


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